The Vanishing American Historical Context Essays

From the very beginning of European colonization of the New World, the Native American population has continually been dropping. Throughout the frontier history of the United States, the chief objective of the pioneering white race was to move the savages aside by any way necessary, in order to settle the vast landscape of the continent. It was not until the Indian population was almost entirely wiped out that American society took an interest in the phenomenon of the perishing native race. Going along with societal trends, renown Western novelist Zane Grey published a work focused on the doomed people. The Vanishing American apart, none of Greys novels were ever made into really important movies; but, like other Zane adaptations,†¦show more content†¦in Takaki 40). By the time the new country was formed, intellectual and political leaders, such as Thomas Jefferson, began to take a different approach to the Indian problem: assimilation. While on one hand Jefferson wis hed to see Anglos and peaceful natives long continue to smoke together in friendship, he also believed it would be best if We would never cease pursuing [uncooperative Indians] with war while one remained on the face of the earth (309-10). However, the choice between civilization and extermination soon became void for the people who stood in the way of a pioneering young America, for Andrew Jacksons Indian Removal Policy forced tribes out of their native lands without any regard to previous treaties. When justifying this violent takeover of property, Jackson stated in his 5th Annual Message to Congress, ...in the midst of another and a superior race, they must necessarily yield to the force of circumstances and ere long disappear (Jackson 1829-1837). Thus, the concept of the Vanishing American was reinforced. The argument of a weaker race, which Jackson utilized, became a significant factor in the vindication of Anglo-Saxon manifest destiny. As the nineteenth century wore on, A merica continually outgrew its ever-expanding borders. As whites migrated westward, [Senator] BentonShow MoreRelatedNarrative Of The Disappearing, Native American, By Thomas King, The Truth About Stories1532 Words   |  7 PagesIn order to fully understand the first unit of American Studies I am going to orchestrate a class in which we explore the major themes and perform exercises to enhance the understanding of everyone in the class. This class will be titled, â€Å"Stories: Their Influence and Power.† This class will focus on how stories have the abilities to change people’s lives, and will especially focus on the context of stories in the lives of Native Americans. This class is extremely important because it will give studentsRead MoreCapitalism And Colonialism’S Links As Pillars Of White1582 Words   |  7 PagesCapitalism and colonialism’s links as pillars of white supremacy contribute to the racial exclusion and exploitation of certain racial groups, such as Native Americans and Black people. This can be seen through the timeline of North American history, but also farther back in the history of European settler colonialism throughout Europe and into other nearby continents. The methods of decolonization employed by various racial groups affected by colonialism interact with one another in various waysRead MoreBad Atonement Theology And Broken Justice Systems1583 Words   |  7 PagesFor me, this included questioning the impact of the execution which stands so central to Christianity. In her book The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness, Michelle Alexander describes how the mass incarceration of black Americans has been steadily undermining any progress made by the civil rights movement. She argues that even though Jim Crow laws are no longer written, the plethora of young people of color arrested remain marginalized by a broken justice system. The UnitedRead MoreThe Globalization of Culture: C ultural Homogenization1707 Words   |  7 Pagesnation. All communities rejoice in the richness and exoticness of their own cultural symbols, be it dressing, architecture, language or way-of-life. With the dawn of globalization, however, cultural variety and distinguishing characteristics are vanishing; giving rise to a monoculture common to all. While this may be a harbinger of unity and relatedness among all people of the world, it also damages the unique cultural identities they once took pride in. This paper discusses the effects of globalizationRead MoreA Force of Nature: Imagination in the Poetry of Wallace Stevens and John Ashbery1602 Words   |  7 Pagesthe present, but the present moment of the past, unless he is conscious, not of what is dead, but of what is already living† (Ibid). Poetic tradition is a concept usually used as part of historical literary criticism. The concept entails a comparative evaluation of a poet’s work in the context of his historical period with his predecessors and literary contemporaries. It is important to emphasize that due to the existence of marginalized groups, or subdivisions of the population, defining the conceptRead MoreThe Representation Of Muslim Women2033 Words   |  9 Pagesexamination aims to identify the importance of the representations of Muslim women in the specific recorded understanding of Quebecois in their particular dialect and culture. This essay will reveal that portion of the media procedures within the Quebec context. This will exhibit that Muslim women are minimized and victimized on the premise of their race, sexual orientation and social character. Revealing that the news print media makes harming depictions of Muslim women. The end goal is to counter theseRead MoreRepresentations of Native Ameri cans in Disney Productions from Peter Pan to Pocahontas2838 Words   |  12 PagesHistorically the treatment of Native Americans has been highly problematic, especially throughout the colonization of the New World. Although, when colonising some Europeans took a merciful and sympathetic approach to the Native Americans, generally the treatment towards the indigenous people was not humane. Not only did the Native Americans die at the hand of the settlers, they also died from diseases that had been brought to the new world by explorers for which they had no immunity. In some casesRead MoreAmerican Scholar And Activist Web Dubois1756 Words   |  8 Pagescan be best seen in the daily struggles of ordinary people. In a discussion with Professors Scharff and Miller, the struggles of Native Americans, Asian Americans, and African Americans are placed in the context of the traditional white Progressive movement. How does Prof. Martin’s view treatment of Progressivism differ from that of other historians? African American scholar and activist WEB DuBois forecasted that the problem of the 20th century was the problem of the color line. He wants to argueRead MoreIs Flag-Burning Constitutionally Protected?2303 Words   |  10 Pagesdemonstrated through the First Amendment’s Free Speech Clause. Thus, American citizens can openly discuss political matters; criticize the President and his Cabinet on television, radio talk show or in the newspaper; or publicly protest against the government tax policy. However, Free Speech protection becomes debatable when some American citizens burn the nation’s flag to express their disagreement to the government. The act of burning the American Flag should be constitutionally protected under the FirstRead MoreThe Cultural Contributions Of Black Culture1800 Words   |  8 Pages How is black culture defined? According to Wikipedia African- American culture also known as â€Å"black culture† is the cultural contributions from blacks to the culture of the United States. Black culture would consist of historical experiences from African- Americans, some cultural experiences origin from Africa. However not all culture is stem from Africa, it is also a combination of experiences from slaves that was brought to this land, the segregation of blacks, poverty in the black community

Supply Chain Management Logistics and Production

Question: Discuss about theSupply Chain Managementfor Logistics and Production. Answer: Introduction Purchasing and Supply Chain Management comprises the activities of obtaining the materials and services necessary for an organization to manufacture the products and deliver it to the customers. The Supply Chain Management includes all the managerial activities included in sourcing, procurement, logistics, production, and customer relations. It is focused on managing the flow of goods and services from the acquisition of the raw materials from the suppliers to delivery of manufactured products to the customers (Hugos, 2010). A supply chain manager has to make provision for the movement and storage of the raw materials, establishment and control the inventory and making provision for the delivery of services to the customers. Supply chain management is focused on planning and executing the logistics and supply chain activities to maximize the supply chain values synchronize the supply with the demand. The management of the supply chain is a cross-functional management approach in which several aspects of flow of materials and their storage is managed. Most of the large business organizations strive to enhance their core competencies and reduce the number of unnecessary processes. In this regard, most of the organizations hire external contractors for the acquisition of the raw materials and their delivery. It results in less control over the supply chain and increased focus on customer satisfaction. The supply chain management is focused on enhancing trust and collaboration among the supply chain partners and increasing the efficiency of the organization (Quayle, 2005). Integrated Buying Model The integrated buying model explains the buying decisions and process of the buyers. There are several factors that affect the buying decision of an organization such as cost per unit, quality of the product and the lead time for the procurement of the product. The factors affecting the purchase decision of vary according to the requirements of the organization. However, the basic factors that affect the buying decision of an organization are acceptable cost of the product, product quality and lead time. In the procurement process of big organizations, the decision-maker has to take into consideration several factors which impose several constraints on buying decision. A business manager has to address multiple goals in the purchase decision and cost, quality and lead time are the major factors that impact the buying decision of a business organization. The material cost is a significant factor in the purchase decision. Several times, the business organizations have limited budget wh ich increases the quality and quantity constraints on the material. Moreover, cost of per unit material is dependent upon the volume purchased, quality of material and the lead time for the delivery. Most of the business organizations prefer to buy materials at large amount to buy them at discounts (Fader and Hardie, 2002). In business processes, the quality level of the material plays a significant role in the quality of the end product. Therefore, the companies buy the raw material according to the competitive priorities of the organization and the role raw material plays in manufactured product. If an organization has low level of defect acceptance rate per unit material, the quality level of the purchased material remains high. The six sigma suppliers have the highest standards for the materials produced and the defects are reduced to defects per million units as a standard process (Kenneth, 2007). The large manufacturing organizations spend substantial amount of their finances in the acquisition of the raw material. Therefore, it is important that the business organizations focus in optimising their purchase cost in order to reduce their operating costs. The purchasing process of an organization can be considered as strategic function of an organization that can control the bottom-line cost of the organization. It is also important to improve the customer satisfaction of the customers. The supply chain managers use strategic sourcing to reduce the operational cost and improve the quality of the products. The strategic sourcing involves the process of analysing which products are raw materials; the company buy at highest volume and are most significant for the end product and organization. Henceforth, the business organization develops a procurement strategy to establish working relationships with the suppliers and obtain high quality products at minimum costs. In this regard, the products which are purchased at highest volume are most significant in the cost reduction process. One these products are identified, the organization can invest both time and money to study the industry and detect the ways to reduce their acquisition costs. In this process, the contribution of the suppliers is increased. Similarly, the supplier-organization an also focus on improving the product quality. The buyers can also define quality targets for the suppliers to enhance the quality of their products. The buyers can also collaborate with the suppliers to achieve the quality targets. It can enhance the purchase process for the buyer as they will have significant cost saving, reduced development costs and efficiency inventory. Strategic Sourcing Plan The strategic sourcing is an institutional process which is directed to improve and increasing the efficiency of the purchasing process of the organization. It is a part of the supply chain management and is a systematic process which is aimed at improving the overall value proposition or the organization. The strategic sourcing is not focused solely on cost reduction, but aims to provide the best value proposition to the customers by incorporating the customer needs, organization goals and market conditions. It is a continuous and collaborative approach which aims at identifying all the ways to reduce the cost associated with the production. The concept of strategic sourcing extends beyond price negotiation and price reduction and focuses on total cost leadership. Today, most of the companies have adopted strategic sourcing strategy to increase the cost savings, increase quality, access to new suppliers, establish partnerships with suppliers, increasing efficiency and standardizing the prices. It is different from the traditional purchasing process as it stresses on the entire life cycle of the product rather than the initial buying price of the product (Pandit and Maranis, 2008). The strategic sourcing standardizes the resource requirements and optimizes their use in the organization. Therefore, it is the process of developing supply chains not at the lowest cost but reducing the overall price of the procurement. It also focuses on establishing long term relationships with the suppliers to reduce the overall cost and establishing a competitive advantage. The most significant aspect of strategic sourcing is the supplier-buyer relationship as it is important in the sharing information and identifying opportunities. The concept of the strategic sourcing came as in most of the companies the procurement and the logistics related activities are loosely coordinated. The lag companies procure their raw materials from different suppliers at the same time. Therefore, it is common to see cost and quality differences in the raw materials of the same suppliers. However, the challenge for these companies is to implement the most cost-effective procurement method with highest product quality and customer service (Pandit and Maranis, 2008). The traditional procurement method can be transformed into strategic sourcing methods by adopting three principles, namely, focusing on the total delivered value rather than the price, collaboration with the suppliers for the procurement of the products rather than avoiding responsibility, focusing on overall profitability to the organization rather than the cost savings. When a firm adopt these strategies, it enhances overall economy of scale and establishes long-term relationships with the suppliers based on collaboration. With the strategic sourcing, both the buyer and the supplier can focus on increasing their core competency and this increasing their market share. This procurement strategy is in alignment with the new production models such as total quality management, outsourcing and globalization. Moreover, as the competition in the business world is increasing, it is important for the organizations to implement strategies to remain competitive. Therefore, they are required to emphasize on a more strategic view rather than a transaction based view to achieve the corporate goals and remain competitive in the market (Lamb and Dunne, 2011). It could be critiqued that the ultimate goal of the strategic sourcing is to achieve the strategic goals of the organization and establish a competitive advantage for the organization. As a result, the strategic sourcing focuses on increasing the profit targets of the organization and capitalize on the value attained from the raw materials. The maximization of the value of the purchased material is different from attaining the raw materials at the lowest cost and this is the fundamental difference between the traditional procurement and the strategic sourcing. A business organization can implement strategic sourcing in three steps, namely, expenditure category strategy formulation, total supply cost and negotiating. In the first step, the importance of the suppliers product or the organization is evaluated. The manufactured products or services can be categorized into different sections according to their importance for the organization success. For instance, the office supply and th e stationary are integral part of the organizations operations. However, it does not impact on the competitiveness and the profitability of the organization. In the expenditure category strategy formulation, the goods and the services are assessed according to the impact of the resource on the competitive position of the organization. Unlike, office supply, the quality and the price of silicon can have a drastic impact on the profitability and the sales of an electronics organization. Therefore, silicon is a strategic source in the competitiveness of the organization. If any issue occurs in purchasing silicon or quality of the product, it can impact the whole supply chain of the organization (Parniangtong, 2016). The total supply cost of the organization refers to the total expenditure to the organization while purchasing materials or services. It includes all the direct and the indirect cost to the organization in the overall product life cycle. The total supply cost is used by the organization to make the most cost-effective choice. When the organizations are using this approach, all the expenditures and cost associated in the life time of the product are used to evaluate the cost of the total product cost. It is superior approach to the previous price estimations as it helps the organization to evaluate the total expenditure to the organization and with this approach, the organization can evaluate the quality, yields and the total value of the product. The firms can better negotiate by using this approach, can examine the supplier performance improvement and can identify the key cost and quantify savings. The last step of the strategic sourcing is negotiation in which the information obtai ned in the previous step is used to undertake fact-based negotiations. In the negotiation process, the firms use the total cost of ownership approach rather than stressing on the buying price (Parniangtong, 2016). An electronics manufacturing companies can increase their efficiency and save both time and cost by adopting strategic sourcing techniques. In the strategic sourcing methods, an organization can also enhance the quality and the reliability of the end product. In the strategic sourcing, the buyer should have adequate technical and product knowledge along with the negotiating skills. The management of the organization should focus on supplies, regulations and the quality-centric approaches, required inventory while maintaining the cost low. The supply chain in the electronics industry is complex; therefore, it is important that the electronics companies focus on the strategies that yield long term strategic advantages rather than methods that yield immediate results. Electronics organizations are characterized by long lead time for the raw materials, high volatility in the prices and distribution and supply networks all across the world. Therefore, these organizations only obtain supply from the long-standing collaborative partners to ensure the quality and the reliability of products (Kismet, 2017). Conclusion It can be concluded that supply chain management is an integral part of organizations success. It is important that the organizations implement different strategies to reduce the cost associated with the procurement of the raw products and the materials. In this essence, the companies use the integrated buying model and the strategic sourcing plan. The integrated buying model highlights the different factors which are important in the buying decision of the organization. It includes the cost, quality and the lead time. The strategic sourcing model emphasizes that an organization should focus on the overall cost of the product, including the cost incurred by the organization in the product life cycle rather than minimizing the purchase cost. It can be used to gain a competitive advantage for the organization. References Kismet. 2017. Strategic Sourcing. [Online.] Available at: https://www.kismetssp.com/index_files/Strategic_sourcing.htm [Accessed on: 13 February 2017]. Parniangtong, S., 2016. Strategic Sourcing: Concepts, Principles and Methodology. In Supply Management (pp. 5-14). Springer Singapore. Pandit, K. and Maranis, H. 2008. Spend Analysis: The Window Into Strategic Sourcing. J. Ross Publishing. Fader, P.S. and Hardie, B.G., 2002. A note on an integrated model of customer buying behavior. European Journal of Operational Research, 139(3), pp.682-687. Kenneth, C.E. 2007. Integrated Advertising Promotion , and Marketing Communication. Pearson Education. Hugos, M.H. 2010. Essentials of Supply Chain Management. London: John Wiley Sons. Quayle, M. 2005. Purchasing and Supply Chain Management: Strategies and Realities: Strategies and Realities. Idea Group Inc (IGI). Lamb, C.W. and Dunne, P.M. 2011. Theoretical Developments in Marketing. Marketing Classics Press.